When it comes to the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in South-East Asia, systemic issues can jeopardize women’s security. Gender biases present in widely used AI systems create a significant barrier to the positive utilization of AI in the context of peace and security in the region. Research conducted by UN Women and the United Nations University Institute in Macau (UNU Macau) shed light on the challenges faced by women human rights defenders (WHRDs) and women’s Civil Society Organizations (WCSOs) in relation to cyber threats.
The report “Artificial Intelligence and the Women, Peace and Security Agenda in South-East Asia” explores the impact of AI on the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda in the region. The research highlights four types of gender biases in AI – discrimination, stereotyping, exclusion, and insecurity – that need to be addressed to ensure the full benefits of AI are realized in South-East Asia. The study emphasizes the importance of regulating AI technologies to mitigate risks and support gender-responsive peace efforts.
The report underlines the positive impact of using AI for peace purposes, such as enhancing inclusivity and the effectiveness of conflict prevention. However, it also points out the unequal use of AI between genders, with pervasive gender biases limiting women’s ability to benefit from these technologies. Additionally, risks associated with the use of AI for military purposes are brought to the forefront, calling for a more nuanced approach to the application of AI in peace and security.
The second report, “Cybersecurity Threats, Vulnerabilities and Resilience among Women Human Rights Defenders and Civil Society in South-East Asia,” delves into cybersecurity risks and vulnerabilities encountered by WHRDs and WCSOs. The study emphasizes the gendered nature of cyber threats, highlighting how women-focused organizations face targeted attacks, including misogynistic and sexualized harassment. It also reveals that digital technologies are integral to the work of these organizations, making them susceptible to online harassment and doxxing.
The findings underscore the need for fostering inclusive and collaborative approaches in cybersecurity policy development. It emphasizes building the knowledge of stakeholders to develop effective prevention and response strategies to cyber threats, particularly those targeting WCSOs and WHRDs. Recommendations include providing training and support to at-risk individuals and organizations, especially those working in politically volatile and crisis-affected contexts.
The research conducted by UN Women and UNU Macau sheds light on the intricate relationship between AI, digital security, and the Women, Peace, and Security agenda in South-East Asia. By addressing gender biases in AI systems and enhancing cyber resilience among women human rights defenders and civil society organizations, the region can better navigate the challenges posed by new technologies. It is essential to prioritize the protection of women’s voices and rights in the digital world to ensure a more equitable and secure future for all.